Most family physicians in Canada function as independent business owners or sub-contractors. Family physician income is commonly conceptualized as gross billings minus overhead and taxes; however, this approach does not reflect the complexity of contemporary business arrangements. These arrangements are varied and encompass elements such as payment model, ownership structure, incorporation, overhead, and academic or corporate affiliations and may influence family physician income and workforce outcomes, such as workload and retention. Despite their importance, there is limited empirical research examining how these elements interact or how different configurations of business arrangements shape workforce behaviour. This study aims to develop a typology of family physician business arrangement types (BATs) and examine their influence on compensation and workforce outcomes in Canada.